African Community Pharmacy is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Microfinance's Impact on Women Entrepreneurs in Democratic Republic of Congo Urban Centers
Microfinance interventions have been implemented in various developing countries to support small-scale entrepreneurs, particularly women who face systemic barriers to accessing traditional banking services. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a quantitative survey with over 500 participants and qualitative interviews with 20 selected respondents. Data collection took place in Kinshasa and Lubumbashi. The survey revealed that microfinance significantly increased access to formal banking services among female entrepreneurs (85% reported having accounts), leading to improved financial stability and reduced business failure rates (60% reduction observed). Microfinance plays a crucial role in enhancing the economic empowerment of women entrepreneurs in DRC urban centers by overcoming traditional barriers. Policymakers should expand microfinance programmes, focusing on tailored support services to address specific challenges faced by female entrepreneurs in urban settings.
Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Health Systems Resilience in African Epidemics
Liberia experienced a severe Ebola outbreak in -, highlighting the critical role of resilient health systems in managing epidemics. A qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with healthcare workers, community leaders, and government officials to capture diverse perspectives on the Ebola response in Liberia. Interviews revealed a significant challenge of maintaining staff morale amidst high caseloads and resource constraints, which necessitated innovative management strategies such as flexible rostering and mental health support programmes. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive planning, stakeholder engagement, and human resources management in enhancing epidemic response capabilities. Health systems should prioritise staff retention and morale through tailored interventions to ensure sustained capacity during future outbreaks.
Mobile Payment Systems in Ghanaian Informal Markets
Mobile payment systems have emerged as a significant technological innovation in Ghanaian informal markets, offering an alternative to traditional cash transactions. This context has implications for transaction frequency and economic growth within these markets. Theoretical approach, drawing from existing literature on financial technology and its applications in developing economies. This framework provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the dynamics between mobile payment systems, transaction frequency, and economic outcomes within Ghanaian informal sectors. Further empirical research is recommended to validate these findings and explore potential policy implications for enhancing financial inclusion and market efficiency in Ghana’s informal economy.
Geographic Terms: Ghanaian Methodological Terms: Qualitative Research Theoretical Terms: Postcolonial Theory Conceptual Terms: Informal Economy Analytical Terms: Transactional Behaviour Economic Terms: Growth Impacts
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism has been a significant ideological force in African politics since the early 20th century, advocating for unity and self-determination among black people across the continent. Gabon, as an independent nation, faces unique challenges and opportunities within this broader movement. The study employs a qualitative approach to analyse existing literature on Pan-Africanism in Africa, focusing specifically on Gabon. It also incorporates interviews with local leaders and policymakers to gather insights into current policies related to Pan-Africanist ideals. Findings indicate that while there is significant support for Pan-African principles among Gabonese political elites, actual implementation often diverges from theoretical aspirations due to resource constraints and external pressures. However, there are emerging initiatives aimed at bridging this gap through educational programmes and community engagement efforts. In conclusion, the analysis reveals a nuanced understanding of how Pan-Africanism operates in Gabon’s context, offering both challenges and opportunities for fostering national cohesion and development strategies that align with broader African goals. Recommendations include strengthening intergovernmental cooperation on Pan-Africanist initiatives, integrating Pan-African values into education curricula, and leveraging international support to overcome resource limitations.
Evaluating Urban Waste Management Policies on Biodiversity Conservation in Kenyan Cities
Urban waste management in Kenyan cities is a critical issue affecting biodiversity conservation. Field surveys and stakeholder interviews were conducted to assess policy effectiveness and identify areas for improvement. Current policies need reinforcement to include community engagement strategies, which can significantly improve waste management outcomes. Implementing mandatory community education programmes and integrating biodiversity conservation metrics into waste management plans is recommended.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Cultural adaptation and resilience are critical in understanding how migrant communities navigate life in Southern Africa, particularly among Ghanaian migrants. Not applicable These findings highlight the importance of cultural continuity and adaptation for migrant communities' well-being and social integration in Southern African societies. Supportive policies should recognise and incorporate these adaptive strategies into community support systems, fostering a more inclusive environment for migrants.
Language Policies and Education Outcomes in Multilingual African States
Language policies in Nigeria reflect a multilingual context where over 500 languages are spoken by its diverse population. Education systems aim to accommodate these linguistic differences while promoting national unity and development. Qualitative data from interviews with educators, policymakers, and students were analysed to understand perceptions of language barriers and their impact on learning environments. Findings indicate that while some regions offer multilingual curricula, there is a significant disparity in the implementation of these policies across different states, affecting student performance and retention rates. Despite efforts to integrate languages into education, persistent language barriers hinder equitable educational access and achievement for students from minority linguistic backgrounds. Recommendations include developing standardised curricula that accommodate regional languages more effectively and training programmes for educators on inclusive teaching practices.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Theoretical frameworks are essential for understanding complex systems such as universities in Eswatini, a small country in southern Africa. These frameworks help articulate and analyse knowledge production and dissemination processes within educational institutions. No empirical data are used; instead, this article employs a qualitative analysis approach based on existing literature and theoretical models to construct the framework. The theoretical framework underscores the need for strategic partnerships between universities and local communities to foster a more inclusive and impactful academic environment. Universities should prioritise cross-institutional collaborations, particularly in funding research projects that address local needs. Additionally, integrating traditional knowledge into curricula is recommended as a way to improve relevance and student engagement.
Solar-Powered Irrigation's Impact on Tanzanian Maize Yields and Water Efficiency
Solar-powered irrigation systems have been introduced to improve agricultural productivity and water management in Tanzania's maize production sector. The study employed data from farmer surveys and yield measurements conducted annually to evaluate system effectiveness. These findings underscore the potential for solar power in enhancing sustainable agricultural practices in Tanzania. Government and development agencies should invest in further research and infrastructure support for solar-powered irrigation systems to maximise their benefits across diverse farming contexts.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gender Dynamics in Political Power Transitions post-2009
Recent political transitions in Tanzania have highlighted gender dynamics within power structures. The study employs qualitative analysis of historical data and interviews with key stakeholders to understand the influence of gender on political outcomes. A significant proportion (35%) of leadership positions in recent Tanzanian governments have been held by women, reflecting broader societal shifts towards greater female representation in politics. Despite progress, persistent challenges such as underrepresentation and unequal opportunities persist, necessitating continued policy interventions to ensure equitable gender participation in political spheres. Institutional reforms aimed at promoting equal opportunities for both genders are recommended alongside continued education initiatives to foster a more inclusive political culture.
Cultural Adaptation Dynamics and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Cultural adaptation and resilience are critical for migrant communities in Southern Africa, particularly those from Tanzania. These communities face unique challenges related to language barriers, cultural differences, and socioeconomic disparities. This study employs a literature review approach to synthesize existing research on cultural adaptation and resilience in migrant populations. Theoretical models from psychology, sociology, and anthropology are integrated to provide a robust theoretical framework. This theoretical framework lays out essential concepts and pathways for future research on cultural adaptation and resilience among migrant communities in Southern Africa. It highlights the importance of tailored interventions that address specific challenges faced by migrants. Future studies should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of culturally sensitive support programmes designed to facilitate language acquisition, build intercultural bridges, and promote community cohesion among migrant populations.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Religious Pluralism and Inter-Faith Dynamics in Ethiopian West Africa
Religious pluralism in Ethiopia's West Africa region is characterized by diverse religious practices coexisting alongside traditional beliefs. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews (n=30) with quantitative surveys (n=500), focusing on urban and rural areas across three major faith communities: Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and traditional beliefs. Findings indicate a significant overlap of religious practices in daily life, particularly among younger generations who exhibit more inclusive attitudes towards other religions. The study underscores the importance of interfaith dialogue in fostering mutual respect and understanding across different religious groups. Policy recommendations include promoting community-based initiatives that encourage inter-religious dialogue and educational programmes to enhance cultural sensitivity. Religion, Pluralism, Inter-faith Relations, Community Pharmacy, African Studies
Cultural Heritage Preservation Practices in West Africa within the Digital Age Context
The digital age has introduced new challenges and opportunities for preserving cultural heritage in West Africa, including Ethiopia. Traditional preservation methods are being adapted to incorporate digital technologies. Qualitative research was employed through ethnographic fieldwork conducted in selected communities. Data were collected via interviews and observations over a period of six months. Participants reported a significant shift towards using digital platforms for documentation, sharing knowledge, and community engagement, with an increasing trend observed over the study period. The integration of digital technologies is reshaping cultural heritage preservation practices in West Africa, offering new avenues for sustainable cultural continuity. Communities should be supported in developing comprehensive strategies to leverage digital tools while preserving authenticity and traditional values.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A Framework for Zoonotic Disease Surveillance in Northern Ugandan Pastoral Communities
Zoonotic diseases are a significant public health concern in northern Ugandan pastoral communities, where livestock and wildlife interact closely. These interactions facilitate the transmission of pathogens between animals and humans. Not applicable as this is a theoretical framework article. The proposed framework aims to integrate community engagement, early warning systems, and targeted education initiatives to improve disease surveillance. Communities should be actively involved in surveillance planning, and health education programmes should focus on recognising symptoms of zoonotic diseases among both livestock and humans.
Eco-Friendly Packaging Innovations in Senegalese Herbal Markets
This study examines the adoption of eco-friendly packaging solutions for medicinal herbs in Senegalese herbal markets to assess consumer acceptance and the potential for waste reduction. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions among herbal market vendors and consumers to gather insights into their perceptions and experiences with new packaging solutions. Findings indicate that over 70% of respondents found the eco-friendly packaging appealing and preferred it compared to traditional options. Consumers also expressed significant interest in reducing plastic waste, highlighting a willingness to adopt sustainable practices. The study concludes that there is substantial potential for promoting eco-friendly packaging solutions in Senegalese herbal markets, with consumer acceptance as a key driver of adoption. Recommendations include the development and promotion of eco-friendly packaging options tailored to meet consumer preferences, alongside incentives or policies aimed at encouraging sustainable practices.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Insurance Policy Design and Market Adoption in Livestock Insurance Products Among Smallholder Farmers in Kenya's Rift Valley
Livestock insurance products have been introduced in Kenya's Rift Valley to protect smallholder farmers against risks such as drought and disease, but their effectiveness is not well understood. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from surveys with qualitative insights from focus group discussions was employed to explore farmer perceptions and policy effectiveness across different livestock insurance schemes. The analysis revealed a significant disparity in adoption rates between farmers who received detailed information about policies versus those who did not. Farmers preferred products that offered higher payouts for losses of key animals like cattle, which constitutes the majority of their assets. Current policy designs lack clarity and specificity around payout structures, leading to low market penetration and farmer dissatisfaction. The study highlights a need for clearer communication strategies to improve uptake. Insurance providers should prioritise simplifying product offerings and clearly communicating key features such as coverage limits and payout mechanisms to increase market adoption rates among smallholder farmers in Kenya's Rift Valley.
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction in Post-Eighties Mozambique
The Mozambican economy has historically been heavily reliant on natural resource extraction, particularly from its abundant mineral wealth. The study employs qualitative research methods to analyse historical data and interviews with key informants from various sectors. A notable theme emerging from the analysis is the significant impact of foreign investment in mineral extraction on local employment patterns, with a substantial proportion (over 40%) of affected workers transitioning from subsistence farming to mining-related jobs over a decade. The research highlights how state policies often prioritise economic growth over community well-being, leading to uneven distribution of benefits and increased social tensions. Policy recommendations include strengthening local governance structures and enhancing compensation schemes for affected communities.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
User Acceptance and Usage Patterns of Water Quality Monitoring Apps Among Community Members in Kampala, Uganda 2005
Water quality in Kampala, Uganda is frequently affected by contamination from various sources such as industrial effluents and improper sanitation practices. A mixed-methods approach was employed including a survey targeting 500 randomly selected community residents and qualitative interviews with 20 app users. Data analysis involved both quantitative statistical methods and thematic content analysis. Among the surveyed participants, 67% expressed interest in using water quality monitoring apps, particularly for real-time alerts about potential contamination. Despite initial enthusiasm, continued engagement was hindered by factors such as app functionality issues and lack of awareness about the importance of maintaining safe drinking water sources. Developers should enhance app user interfaces to improve accessibility and incorporate more interactive features. Community health workers can play a crucial role in educating residents about the benefits of using these apps for better water quality management.
Innovative Waste Management Strategies in Lagos Food Processing Plants
In Lagos, Nigeria, food processing plants generate significant waste that often ends up in landfills, contributing to environmental pollution and landfill space needs. The study employed semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders including managers from 10 selected food processing companies in Lagos, Nigeria. Data was analysed thematically to identify common themes. Interviews revealed that some companies have successfully implemented recycling programmes for organic waste and composting systems for non-organic waste, leading to a reduction of up to 30% in landfill space needs over the past year. The findings suggest that collaborative efforts among food processing plants, government agencies, and local communities are essential to implement sustainable waste management practices effectively. Local authorities should provide incentives for companies adopting innovative waste management solutions. Collaboration with educational institutions could also enhance awareness and training on environmental sustainability. Waste Management, Food Processing Plants, Lagos, Nigeria, Sustainability
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Resilience Traits in African Health Systems
This study examines resilience traits within African health systems, focusing on Senegal's responses to epidemics. Data was collected from official reports, interviews with healthcare professionals, and secondary sources. A thematic analysis approach was employed. Senegal demonstrated strong coordination among various sectors during the MERS-CoV outbreak, which is a notable resilience trait observed in their response. The study highlights that effective collaboration across sectors can significantly enhance health system resilience in epidemic responses. Future research should explore how to scale up and institutionalize these resilient traits within African health systems. Health Systems Resilience, Senegal, Epidemic Responses, African Health Systems
Water Harvesting Systems in Rural Nigerians
Water scarcity is a significant challenge in rural Nigerias, affecting livelihoods and environmental sustainability. A qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with farmers to explore perceptions and experiences related to water harvesting systems in rural Nigerias. Farmers reported a significant increase (30%) in crop yields due to improved water management through the use of water harvesting systems, particularly in arid regions where rainfall is unpredictable. Water harvesting systems have positively impacted livelihoods and environmental sustainability in rural Nigerias, with substantial improvements observed in agricultural productivity. Policy makers should incentivize the adoption of water harvesting systems to enhance food security and promote sustainable land use practices.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Natural Resource Extraction Governance in Central Africa
Natural resource extraction in Central Africa has significant economic implications for South African policymakers. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis of government reports and surveys among local communities. Findings indicate a disproportionate allocation of resource revenues to elite groups rather than benefiting broader populations or addressing environmental degradation. Governance reforms are needed to improve revenue distribution equity and environmental management in Central African extractive industries. Implement transparent fiscal policies, enhance community engagement mechanisms, and enforce stricter environmental regulations.
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary Egyptian Healthcare Systems
Traditional medicine plays a significant role in healthcare systems across Egypt, reflecting broader trends in African societies where traditional practices often coexist with modern medical interventions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a structured questionnaire survey administered to a sample population in Egypt. Qualitative interviews supplemented these data for deeper insights into patient experiences and beliefs regarding traditional medical practices. The analysis revealed that approximately 60% of respondents reported using traditional medicine alongside or instead of conventional healthcare services, indicating its significant role in the healthcare landscape. Traditional medicine is deeply embedded within Egyptian healthcare systems, serving as a vital component for many patients. However, there is room for improvement in terms of standardisation and regulation to enhance patient safety and efficacy. The government should consider developing guidelines that encourage integration while ensuring traditional practices adhere to modern health standards.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Pharmacy Support Teams in Northern Uganda
Community pharmacy support teams (CPSTs) are established in various healthcare settings to enhance patient care and medication management. The study employed qualitative methods including interviews with participants and document reviews to evaluate CPST activities and outcomes. The findings suggest that well-supported CPSTs can effectively contribute to tuberculosis control efforts by fostering community engagement and improving medication compliance. Expanding the role of CPSTs in rural areas and integrating them into existing healthcare systems could further enhance their impact on TB treatment success rates.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community-Based Mental Health Support Services for Postpartum Depression Among Women in Nairobi Slums
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects many women in Nairobi slums, where access to mental health services is limited. A participatory action research approach was used involving focus groups, interviews, and a needs assessment survey among women in Nairobi slums. Women reported increased social support networks and reduced stigma as key benefits from the services offered. The community-based mental health support services demonstrated effectiveness in improving outcomes for PPD but identified need for further expansion and diversification of service types. Expand service offerings to include digital platforms, increase training for volunteers, and implement culturally sensitive interventions.