In rural Rwanda, adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programmes for AIDS remains a significant challenge due to various socio-economic and cultural factors. Qualitative research methods were employed, including interviews with healthcare providers and focus group discussions with patients. Data was collected from ten villages across different regions in Rwanda. Findings indicate that socioeconomic factors such as income levels and access to healthcare services significantly influence adherence rates among women. Themes emerged around community support networks and patient empowerment programmes. The study highlights the importance of integrating socio-economic interventions with traditional treatment adherence strategies to improve ARV programme outcomes in rural Rwanda. Rural health centers should prioritise socioeconomic assessments for patients, and village-level support groups could be established to foster community engagement and accountability. AIDS Treatment Adherence, Rural Rwanda, Village Analytics, Women's Health