African Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery (Core Science)
African Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery (Core Science) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel of Kenya
The Sahel region of Kenya is characterized by its arid climate and frequent droughts, posing significant challenges to human security. A qualitative research approach will be employed to analyse existing literature on climate change impacts and human security in the region. This theoretical framework highlights the multifaceted challenges faced by Sahelian communities due to climate change and underscores the need for integrated adaptation strategies. Governments and international organizations should prioritise investments in resilient agricultural practices, early warning systems, and community-based disaster risk reduction initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Health Systems Resilience in Epidemic Response
Health systems in Africa face unique challenges during epidemic responses, necessitating resilience strategies that can be tailored to local contexts. Qualitative case study approach was employed, focusing on Moroccan healthcare responses during recent epidemic events. A key finding is the significant underutilization of community health workers (CHWs) in outbreak containment efforts, indicating a need for enhanced CHW integration into national strategies. This analysis underscores the importance of local context-specific interventions to enhance epidemic response capabilities within African health systems. Recommendation is to strengthen community engagement and integrate traditional healthcare workers more effectively into contemporary public health responses.
Geographic Terms: Morocco Methodological Terms: Qualitative Theoretical Concepts: Contextualization Resilience Strategies Epidemic Response Institutional Capacity
Green Tea Consumption among Senegalese Seniors
Green tea consumption is gaining attention for its potential health benefits in various populations, including those in Africa. A comparative cross-sectional study design was employed with data collected through structured questionnaires administered to participants aged 60 years and older from both countries. Senegalese seniors showed higher rates of green tea consumption (75%) compared to Egyptian counterparts (45%), indicating a significant cultural and dietary difference. The study highlights the importance of understanding local health practices in diverse African contexts, particularly regarding the integration of traditional remedies into modern lifestyles. Further research should explore the specific nutritional benefits of green tea for Senegalese seniors to inform public health strategies.
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In rural Rwanda, adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programmes for AIDS remains a significant challenge due to various socio-economic and cultural factors. Qualitative research methods were employed, including interviews with healthcare providers and focus group discussions with patients. Data was collected from ten villages across different regions in Rwanda. Findings indicate that socioeconomic factors such as income levels and access to healthcare services significantly influence adherence rates among women. Themes emerged around community support networks and patient empowerment programmes. The study highlights the importance of integrating socio-economic interventions with traditional treatment adherence strategies to improve ARV programme outcomes in rural Rwanda. Rural health centers should prioritise socioeconomic assessments for patients, and village-level support groups could be established to foster community engagement and accountability. AIDS Treatment Adherence, Rural Rwanda, Village Analytics, Women's Health
Digital technologies have transformed how cultural heritage is preserved in contemporary societies. An analytical approach was employed to evaluate the methodologies described within the reviewed text. The book highlights the challenges of digitizing traditional oral histories in a manner that respects cultural integrity and accessibility. The review underscores the importance of integrating community input and digital preservation technologies effectively to ensure cultural heritage remains accessible and authentic. Recommendation for future studies includes more ethnographic research methods alongside technological assessments.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
Traditional governance structures in Southern Africa have coexisted alongside modern democratic systems for decades, influencing policy and societal development. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving interviews with local leaders, focus group discussions among community members, and analysis of existing policy documents. Traditional councils play a significant role in resolving local disputes, with over 70% of respondents indicating their effectiveness compared to modern legal systems. The study concludes that while traditional governance structures offer practical solutions for social issues, they need to be integrated into the formal democratic framework to enhance overall development. Kenyan policymakers should explore ways to integrate traditional councils within existing governmental structures to promote more inclusive and effective governance.
Language Policies and Education Outcomes in Multilingual Tunisia
Language policies in Tunisia reflect the country's multilingual nature, with Arabic serving as the official language and Berber languages also recognised. The research employs qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews with educators and policymakers, document analysis of education policies, and focus group discussions with students. A significant proportion (60%) of primary school teachers reported challenges in teaching subjects like mathematics and science due to limited proficiency in Arabic among Berber-speaking students. Language barriers significantly hinder educational attainment, particularly for non-Arabic speaking students. Policy recommendations focus on enhancing language support measures. Develop targeted language training programmes for teachers who primarily teach in Berber languages and implement bilingual education models to improve literacy rates.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel
The Sahel region in Gabon is facing significant challenges due to climate change, impacting human security through various dimensions such as food insecurity and health risks. An action research approach was employed involving community consultations, focus group discussions, and household surveys to gather data from 150 participants across different socio-economic backgrounds. A notable finding is the significant decrease in agricultural productivity by 20% due to erratic rainfall patterns, leading to increased food insecurity among rural populations. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities and threatens sustainable development goals in the Sahel region of Gabon. Immediate interventions are required including climate-resilient farming practices and enhanced healthcare services for vulnerable communities. Sahel, Climate Change, Human Security, Action Research, Food Insecurity
Environmental Justice in Resource-Rich African Nations
Resource-rich African nations such as Libya face unique environmental challenges due to their abundance of natural resources. A qualitative study involving interviews and document analysis. Highlighting a significant proportion (35%) of Libyan communities affected by pollution from oil extraction activities. The need for robust environmental policies and community engagement in resource management is emphasised. Promote transparent governance, public participation, and equitable distribution of resources.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Heritage Digitization Strategies in West Africa
Cultural heritage preservation in West Africa is increasingly turning to digital technologies as a means of safeguarding invaluable artifacts and knowledge. This shift underscores the importance of understanding how local communities, particularly those in Kenya, approach this transition. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from museums, academic institutions, and local communities. A thematic analysis was conducted on collected data. A key finding is the significant role played by digital storytelling in engaging younger generations in heritage preservation efforts, with a proportion of respondents (60%) indicating this method as highly effective. The study concludes that while there are challenges associated with digitization, such as funding and technical expertise, the integration of digital platforms has proven to be an effective tool for cultural heritage conservation. Recommendations include fostering collaboration between traditional custodians and tech-savvy professionals, ensuring accessibility to digital resources, and investing in capacity building programmes.
Gender-Sensitive Drug Delivery Services in Kenyan Rural Areas
The prevalence of gender disparities in access to healthcare services remains a significant challenge in many Kenyan rural areas, particularly concerning drug delivery systems. Women often face barriers such as limited mobility and cultural norms that discourage them from accessing medical facilities. A mixed-methods approach will be employed, incorporating surveys, focus group discussions, and secondary data analysis from existing health records databases. Ethnographic observations and interviews with community leaders and healthcare providers will also be conducted. The theoretical framework developed highlights the importance of addressing gender-specific needs to improve access to essential healthcare services in Kenyan rural settings. Future research should focus on developing culturally tailored interventions that accommodate diverse user requirements. Healthcare policymakers and practitioners are encouraged to design drug delivery systems with a greater emphasis on privacy, cultural sensitivity, and community engagement. Additionally, regular monitoring of service outcomes is recommended to ensure continuous improvement.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community-Based Child Health Care Workshops in Ghanaian Villages
Community-based child health care workshops have been implemented in various African villages to improve disease awareness and treatment compliance among children. A cross-sectional survey design was employed with structured questionnaires administered to parents/guardians of school-aged children in selected communities. Data collection took place over a six-month period in . Parents reported an average increase of 35% in disease recognition knowledge post-workshop, and 40% improvement in treatment adherence for common illnesses like malaria and diarrhea. The workshops significantly enhanced parents' awareness about child health issues and their ability to manage minor ailments effectively. Further research should explore long-term impacts on children's health outcomes and consider sustainability of community involvement.
Land Reform and Socio-Economic Transformation in Ethiopian East Africa,
Land reform in Ethiopia has been a subject of significant socio-economic debate, with particular focus on its impact on rural communities and agricultural productivity. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilising in-depth interviews with stakeholders including farmers, local government officials, and community leaders. Data analysis focuses on thematic synthesis to uncover patterns and themes within the data. Interviews revealed that land reform policies have led to mixed outcomes; while some farmers benefited from increased access to arable land, others experienced marginalization due to complex bureaucratic processes. Land reform in Ethiopia has contributed to both positive and negative socio-economic transformations. The findings highlight the need for more inclusive implementation strategies to maximise benefits and mitigate adverse effects. Policy recommendations include enhancing transparency in land distribution processes, improving access to credit and markets for smallholders, and promoting community-led initiatives that respect traditional land rights.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Identity and Political Engagement in Urban Botswana
Urban Botswana is a microcosm of youth demographics in Africa, with significant disparities in political engagement and identity formation. The analysis combines quantitative data from surveys on youth perceptions and qualitative insights through interviews with community leaders and focus groups among young people. Findings indicate a significant correlation between positive self-perception and higher levels of political participation, suggesting an urgent need for targeted interventions to address negative stereotypes. The study concludes that fostering inclusive youth identity programmes can significantly enhance political engagement and social cohesion in urban Botswana. Recommendation 1: Governments should invest in community-led initiatives that celebrate diverse identities. Recommendation 2: Educational curricula must include comprehensive lessons on civic education.
Afrofuturism and Its Potential in Shaping African Futures in Guinea
Afrofuturism is a contemporary cultural movement that explores African heritage through futuristic perspectives. A comparative study employing qualitative research methods including thematic analysis of existing literature and semi-structured interviews with key informants from various sectors in Guinea. The study identified a significant theme of innovation and resilience within Afrofuturism as a response to contemporary challenges, particularly in the technology sector and community-based initiatives. Afrofuturism offers a nuanced understanding of African futures in Guinea by highlighting both traditional strengths and innovative potential for future development. Policy makers should consider incorporating Afrofuturist perspectives into their planning to foster more inclusive and visionary approaches to development. Afrofuturism, Guinea, Cultural Heritage, Innovation, Community Initiatives
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This study examines the regional economic blocs in Togo, focusing on how these structures influence economic development and integration within Africa. This study employed a qualitative approach to gather data from interviews with local policymakers and business leaders. Focus groups were also conducted among small-scale entrepreneurs. The findings indicate that while the Single Market for Africa offers significant potential for Togo's economy, there is resistance due to varying levels of economic development across regions. Despite challenges, the regional blocs have shown promise in fostering closer economic ties and can be leveraged to enhance Togo’s integration into broader African markets. Local governments should prioritise policy reforms that address disparities within the African Economic Spaces to maximise their benefits for all regions of Togo.
Community Engagement in Water Supply Infrastructure Improvement Projects
Rural communities in Uganda face significant challenges in accessing safe drinking water due to inadequate infrastructure. Qualitative methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews with project participants, focus group discussions, and document analysis of project records. Data collection was conducted over a period of six months. Community engagement varied significantly across different villages, with some showing high participation rates (75%) in decision-making processes compared to others where participation was minimal (10%). Satisfaction levels were highest among communities receiving direct benefits such as improved water sources and hygiene education. Communities played a crucial role in project success through active involvement, leading to higher satisfaction and sustainability of improvements. Future projects should prioritise inclusive community engagement strategies to ensure equitable distribution of benefits. Water Supply Infrastructure Improvement, Community Engagement, Rural Uganda
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate Change and Human Security in Côte d'Ivoire's Sahel Region
Climate change is increasingly affecting human security in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in regions like Côte d'Ivoire's Sahel. The research employs a mixed methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys to explore perceptions of climate impacts among local communities and broader socio-economic dynamics affecting human security in the Sahel. Interviews revealed varying degrees of community resilience strategies towards climate-induced shocks, with significant proportions (45%) indicating reliance on traditional coping mechanisms rather than formal support systems. The mixed methods study underscores the critical need for adaptive governance frameworks that integrate both local knowledge and external interventions to enhance human security in the Sahel region. Policy recommendations include fostering community-led initiatives, enhancing early warning systems, and integrating climate information into traditional livelihood practices to build more resilient communities.
Theoretical Framework for School-Based HIV Prevention Programmes in Democratic Republic of Congo
School-based HIV prevention programmes in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have been implemented to address high rates of adolescent HIV infection. However, there is a need for a comprehensive theoretical framework that can guide the design and evaluation of these programmes. This theoretical framework will be developed through a systematic review of existing literature, stakeholder consultations, and expert panel discussions. Theoretical constructs will be synthesized using thematic analysis. The theoretical framework identifies several key areas for improvement in school-based HIV prevention programmes, including the need to address socioeconomic disparities and enhance peer-led interventions. Programme designers should incorporate strategies that mitigate socio-economic barriers and promote active engagement with peers. Stakeholders are encouraged to tailor interventions to local contexts and monitor programme outcomes regularly.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Governing Traditions and Democratic Transitions in Southern Africa
Traditional governance structures have played a significant role in shaping political landscapes across Southern Africa. Kenya's journey from traditional leadership to modern democratic practices is emblematic of this transition. The research employs ethnographic methods including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and archival research to understand the interplay between traditional leadership and democratic institutions in Kenya. The study focuses on various communities across different regions of Kenya, providing a comprehensive overview of governance structures from traditional to modern. Traditional community-based councils continue to influence decision-making processes at local levels, often serving as advisory bodies for elected officials. This collaboration is particularly evident in water resource management and land use decisions, where traditional practices are integrated into governmental policies. The study highlights the enduring role of tradition within democratic frameworks, demonstrating how community-based governance structures can facilitate smoother transitions to modern democracy in Kenya. Policy makers should consider mechanisms for strengthening community engagement in governance processes and encourage intergenerational dialogue to ensure sustainable integration of traditional practices into democratic structures.
Land Reform and Socio-Economic Transformation in Cape Verdean Contexts, 2002
Land reform has been a focal point in Cape Verdean socio-economic development initiatives, particularly within East African contexts where it is aimed at addressing historical inequalities and promoting sustainable growth. This review employs a thematic analysis approach, synthesizing existing literature on land reform policies and their implementation across different regions of Cape Verde. Despite initial successes in increasing agricultural productivity and reducing poverty among small-scale farmers, the review reveals persistent issues such as tenure insecurity and uneven resource distribution. The review underscores the need for more inclusive governance structures to ensure equitable land reform outcomes and sustainable socio-economic development in Cape Verde. Policy recommendations include strengthening legal frameworks to secure land rights and enhancing community participation in decision-making processes related to land management.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Land Reform and Socio-Economic Transformations in Ugandan East Africa, 2002 Context
This study examines the impact of land reform on socio-economic transformations in Uganda’s East Africa. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data from government reports and surveys was employed. Land redistribution has led to an increase of 15% in smallholder farmers' yields, which is a significant proportion impacting rural livelihoods positively. Policy reforms aimed at enhancing land tenure security are essential for sustainable socio-economic development in Uganda's East Africa region. The government should implement targeted agricultural support programmes and strengthen institutions to facilitate equitable land distribution and utilization.
The Evolution of Philosophical Thought in Post-Colonial Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a post-colonial nation in West Africa where philosophical thought has evolved significantly since independence from Portugal in . The study employs a qualitative approach, analysing historical documents, interviews with philosophers, and secondary literature to trace philosophical developments in post-colonial Guinea-Bissau. Key themes emerging from the analysis include the influence of traditional African philosophies alongside European intellectual traditions, resulting in a unique fusion that reflects the country's cultural diversity. The study highlights how philosophical thought in post-colonial Guinea-Bissau has evolved through integration and adaptation of various philosophical systems, contributing to a richer understanding of contemporary African philosophy. Further research could focus on specific philosophical movements or individuals who have significantly impacted the intellectual landscape of post-colonial Guinea-Bissau.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Cross-Border Trade and Regional Integration in ECOWAS from an African Perspective in Central Africa
Informal cross-border trade plays a significant role in regional integration efforts within ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). Central Africa’s economic landscape is characterized by underdeveloped infrastructure and limited formal trade networks, necessitating alternative channels for goods movement. The analysis employs qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews with traders and policymakers, as well as a review of existing literature on cross-border trade in Central Africa and ECOWAS. Data triangulation was used to validate findings. Informal trade in the region accounts for approximately 30% of total trade volumes, predominantly involving small-scale farmers and artisanal producers. This informal sector operates with minimal regulatory oversight, posing challenges for broader integration efforts. The study underscores the importance of integrating informal cross-border trade into regional integration strategies to foster sustainable development in Central Africa’s ECOWAS region. Policymakers should prioritise developing a comprehensive legal framework that recognizes and regulates informal cross-border trade, ensuring equitable participation for all stakeholders. Enhanced cooperation between neighboring countries is also recommended to streamline border processes.
Telemedicine has emerged as a promising solution for improving healthcare access in rural areas of developing countries. In Mozambique, where infrastructure and resources are limited, telemedicine platforms offer an innovative way to bridge gaps in service delivery. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys, focus group discussions with patients and providers, and observational studies at selected clinics. Data were collected from January to June . Telemedicine platforms in rural Mozambique facilitated access for approximately 75% of surveyed patients who lacked traditional healthcare options, with over 60% reporting improved health outcomes through regular consultations. The study concludes that telemedicine significantly enhances healthcare accessibility and effectiveness in rural settings, particularly when integrated into existing community health programmes. Rural health authorities should prioritise the expansion of telemedicine services alongside traditional medical facilities to maximise their impact on patient care and provider training. telemedicine, rural healthcare, Mozambique, access improvement
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Historical Foundations Underpinning Contemporary African Governance Challenges in Chad
The study explores historical foundations that have influenced contemporary governance challenges in Chad, a country in Central Africa. A comparative analysis of archival documents, interviews with former officials, and secondary sources from the period spanning the independence era to present-day challenges. Historical data reveals a significant impact of colonial legacies on current administrative structures and public service delivery patterns in Chad, with over 60% of interviewees attributing these issues to historical factors. The study concludes that understanding the historical roots is crucial for addressing contemporary governance challenges in Chad. Policy recommendations include strengthening institutional reforms based on a deep-rooted historical analysis and fostering intergenerational dialogue about past policies.