Pan African Journal of Development Economics and Regional Integration
Pan African Journal of Development Economics and Regional Integration is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
The African Contextual Dynamics of Sustainable Development in Egyptian Enterprises
The review focuses on a book that explores sustainable development within Egyptian enterprises in an African context. No empirical results were provided; therefore, this review focuses on summarizing the theoretical perspectives discussed in the book. The findings emphasise the significant role of local environmental regulations and cultural norms in shaping sustainable development initiatives within Egyptian enterprises. The conclusion underscores the need for tailored sustainability strategies that account for both national context and international best practices. Businesses are recommended to engage with local stakeholders to develop comprehensive, culturally sensitive sustainability plans.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Ethical Hurdles in Business Conduct within Conflict-Ridden Senegal Terrains
Business operations in conflict-affected regions often face unique ethical challenges due to instability, corruption, and human rights violations. A qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with business leaders and community representatives to explore ethical dilemmas encountered during operations. Businesses report encountering a significant proportion (75%) of challenges related to corruption, which undermines trust in local governance structures, affecting both economic stability and social cohesion. The study highlights the critical need for robust institutional reforms aimed at enhancing transparency and accountability within Senegalese government entities. Policy recommendations include strengthening anti-corruption measures, promoting ethical business practices through training programmes, and fostering public-private partnerships to address these challenges effectively.
Indigenous Communities' Sustainable Forest Management Practices and Carbon Sequestration in Central Congo Basin of Gabon
The Central Congo Basin of Gabon hosts diverse indigenous communities with significant traditional knowledge in sustainable forest management (SFM). Carbon sequestration is a critical aspect of SFM, yet empirical studies are limited. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys among indigenous communities to gather data on SFM practices and carbon sequestration outcomes. Indigenous communities in Gabon have developed culturally-specific SFM techniques that contribute significantly to carbon sequestration. For instance, community-managed forests have shown an average increase of 15% in carbon storage compared to unprotected areas. The findings suggest a strong correlation between traditional SFM practices and enhanced carbon sequestration rates among indigenous communities in Gabon’s Central Congo Basin. Governments should support the continuation and enhancement of indigenous SFM practices through policy mechanisms that recognise and promote these techniques for environmental conservation and climate change mitigation.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate Smart Agriculture Practices and Soil Health Improvement Among Northern Kenyan Smallholder Farmers
Climate change impacts on agricultural productivity are significant in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly affecting smallholder farmers who rely heavily on rain-fed agriculture. In northern Kenya, where climate variability is pronounced, soil health and crop yields have been adversely affected. The study employed a longitudinal survey design with quantitative data collection methods to gather information from a representative sample of smallholder farmers in northern Kenya. Data were collected through structured interviews conducted over two years. A notable finding was that the implementation of CSA practices led to an average increase in soil organic matter content by 15%, which is crucial for enhancing soil fertility and water retention capacity. Furthermore, there was a significant rise in crop yields across all surveyed crops, with maize yield increasing by 20%. The study suggests that the integration of CSA practices into agricultural management can significantly improve soil health and boost farm productivity among northern Kenyan smallholder farmers. Government agencies and development organizations should promote CSA training workshops to enhance the adoption of these sustainable farming techniques. Additionally, subsidies for equipment enabling more efficient application of CSA methods could be beneficial.
Sustainable Business Practices in Kenyan Development Contexts
Sustainable development in Kenya is increasingly recognised as crucial for balancing economic growth with environmental conservation and social equity. The analysis relies on secondary data from government reports, academic journals, and industry surveys, supplemented by expert interviews focusing on sustainability initiatives across various sectors. The empirical evidence suggests that there is a significant proportion (45%) of businesses adopting sustainable practices, particularly in agriculture and tourism sectors, highlighting the potential for broader adoption. While progress has been made, challenges such as limited funding and awareness remain barriers to widespread implementation of sustainable business models. To accelerate sustainable development, policy makers should prioritise education campaigns, financial incentives, and regulatory frameworks that support green initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Technological Adoption in Climate Resilient Agriculture Practices in Northern Nigeria
Climate change poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity in northern Nigeria, where traditional farming practices are vulnerable to extreme weather events. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys was employed to gather data from 150 randomly selected farmers in the region. Farmers showed a strong preference for solar-powered irrigation systems, which were adopted by more than half of respondents (54%) as compared to traditional water pumps. While initial investment costs are high, long-term benefits outweigh these expenses, contributing to increased agricultural resilience in the face of climate variability. Government and development agencies should provide financial incentives and technical support for farmers adopting solar irrigation systems.
Marketing Paradigms for Local Products in Global Markets
Marketing strategies for local products in global markets have become increasingly important as consumers seek authenticity and sustainability. Ghana's agricultural sector offers a rich case study due to its diverse range of locally produced goods. This article employs qualitative analysis of existing literature on Ghanaian agricultural marketing practices, focusing on interviews with farmers, traders, and government officials. The framework is developed through a thematic synthesis of these insights. The theoretical framework provides a comprehensive overview of Ghana's agricultural marketing landscape, offering insights that can inform policy makers and practitioners aiming to boost local product exports globally. Recommendations include fostering digital literacy among farmers, providing market intelligence resources, and encouraging collaboration between producers and international buyers. These steps can help mitigate challenges such as language barriers and cultural differences.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Institutions and Youth Financial Literacy in Nigerian Informal Markets
Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are increasingly recognised as pivotal actors in promoting financial literacy among youth in informal markets across Africa. The study employs a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to gather data from participants aged between 18-30 years. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire, while qualitative insights were derived through in-depth interviews with MFI staff and selected community members. A notable finding is that approximately 56% of respondents reported improved financial knowledge after engaging with MFI programmes, highlighting the significant impact these institutions can have on fostering financial literacy among youth in informal settings. Qualitative data revealed common challenges such as limited access to information and inconsistent support from MFI partners. The study underscores the potential of MFIs to contribute to youth financial education but also highlights the need for more structured and consistent interventions. MFIs should prioritise continuous training programmes for their staff and community outreach initiatives to better serve the diverse needs of young entrepreneurs in informal markets. Additionally, policymakers could support MFI expansion by providing regulatory frameworks that ensure sustainable operations and improved service delivery.
Gender Dynamics in Sub-Saharan African Business Contexts
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly Namibia, is characterized by significant gender disparities in various sectors including business. The approach involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, incorporating insights from social science theories and economic studies relevant to SSA. The theoretical model underscores the importance of addressing structural inequalities to enhance women's empowerment within the business sector, particularly through policy interventions and education initiatives. Recommendations include developing targeted policies that support women entrepreneurs and increasing access to financial resources for female-led businesses in Namibia.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Supply Chain Resilience in Climate-Shocked Agricultural Supply Chains in Seychelles
This study examines the resilience of supply chains in the agricultural sector of Seychelles, a small island nation vulnerable to climate shocks. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a questionnaire survey among farmers and supply chain stakeholders in Seychelles, complemented by interviews with industry experts to gather qualitative insights. The survey revealed that 75% of respondents experienced disruptions due to climate events, primarily affecting crop yields. A significant proportion (60%) reported difficulties in accessing inputs such as seeds and fertilizers during these periods. This study highlights the vulnerability of Seychelles' agricultural supply chains to climatic shocks and suggests that immediate action is needed to mitigate future disruptions. The findings advocate for the development of climate-resilient seed varieties, establishment of climate insurance schemes, and improved access to financing mechanisms as key recommendations.
Comparative Business Practices in Eritrea
This study examines comparative business practices in Eritrea from an African perspective, providing insights into regional economic dynamics and firm-level behaviors. A structured questionnaire was administered to a diverse sample of businesses operating in multiple sectors of the economy. Data collection covered both qualitative and quantitative aspects, utilising open-ended questions alongside standardised scales for measuring business practices. The analysis revealed that Eritrean firms predominantly adopt formal organisational structures, which is significantly different from their counterparts in neighboring countries where informal networks are more prevalent. This research underscores the importance of understanding regional differences in business practices to facilitate better cross-border economic integration and support sustainable development strategies. Future studies should consider longitudinal data collection to assess changes over time, while policymakers could focus on developing targeted regulatory frameworks that accommodate both formal and informal sectors in Eritrea.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Human Resource Management Practices in Botswana's Mining Sector
Botswana's mining sector is a significant contributor to its economy, with human resource management (HRM) practices playing a crucial role in attracting and retaining skilled labour. A comparative study approach was employed, analysing publicly available data from five major mining companies. Qualitative content analysis of annual reports and internal documents was conducted to identify common themes and practices. Recruitment strategies varied significantly among companies, with some focusing heavily on local recruitment while others relied more on expatriate workers. Training programmes were predominantly in-house, with a preference for industry-specific skills training over general management courses. While there are notable differences in HRM practices across Botswana's mining sector, the study highlights consistent themes such as the importance of tailored local recruitment strategies and comprehensive in-house training programmes. Mining companies should consider developing more inclusive local recruitment policies to enhance workforce diversity and stability. Additionally, fostering partnerships with educational institutions can help bridge skill gaps effectively. Botswana Mining Sector, Human Resource Management, Comparative Study
Maternal Mortality Reduction through Community Health Worker Programmes in Kigali, Rwanda
Maternal mortality remains a significant public health issue in many developing countries, including Rwanda. In Kigali, community-based maternal health initiatives have emerged as crucial components of broader reproductive and child health strategies. The research employs longitudinal data from the Rwanda Ministry of Health, focusing on demographic and health surveys conducted annually since . Quantitative methods are used to assess changes in maternal mortality rates over time, while qualitative interviews with CHWs provide insights into programme implementation challenges and successes. CHW coverage has significantly increased by 35% across Kigali districts compared to baseline data from . There is a notable reduction in maternal deaths (6%) associated with improved prenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and emergency response interventions facilitated by CHWs. The study concludes that the community health worker programme has effectively contributed to reducing maternal mortality rates in Kigali through targeted healthcare services delivery. Recommendations include scaling up these programmes nationwide and investing in continuous training for CHWs. Implementing a national strategy to expand CHW coverage, enhancing their role in primary care, and integrating them into existing health systems could further improve maternal health outcomes across Rwanda.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Adoption Dynamics of Climate Resilient Rice Varieties in Coastal Tanzanian Communities
Climate change impacts are increasingly evident in coastal Tanzanian communities, where rice cultivation is a critical livelihood activity. Rising sea levels and more frequent floods threaten traditional rice varieties, necessitating new adaptive strategies. We employed qualitative research methods including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with farmers in selected villages. Data analysis focused on thematic coding. Farmers reported a significant increase (30%) in adoption rates of climate-resilient rice varieties, attributing this to improved yield stability under changing climatic conditions. Adoption of these resilient varieties has led to substantial economic gains and enhanced food security for coastal communities. However, there is a need for sustained support to overcome initial cost barriers. Government should provide incentives and technical assistance to promote wider adoption. Agricultural extension services must tailor their interventions to address specific community needs.
Microfinance in South African Informal Settlements
Microfinance has been recognised as a tool for poverty reduction in South Africa’s informal settlements, where access to formal banking services is limited. The analysis draws from existing literature and qualitative data collected through interviews with MFIs and community members. MFIs play a crucial role in poverty alleviation but require tailored strategies to address specific community needs and challenges. Policy makers should support MFIs with financial incentives and regulatory frameworks that promote sustainable operations.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Payment Systems and Financial Inclusion in West African Cities
Digital payment systems have emerged as a critical tool for enhancing financial inclusion in developing economies, particularly in West African cities. The rapid adoption of mobile money services has expanded access to financial services beyond traditional banking channels. The analysis will employ qualitative research methods, including literature reviews and stakeholder interviews, to construct a comprehensive theoretical model grounded in existing empirical evidence on digital payments and financial inclusion. The theoretical framework established in this article provides a robust foundation for understanding the dynamics between digital payment systems and financial inclusion. It highlights the importance of targeted interventions to bridge existing gaps and maximise system benefits across diverse socio-economic segments. Policy makers should prioritise inclusive design principles when developing new digital payment platforms, ensuring that services are accessible and beneficial for all urban populations in Guinea and similar contexts. Additionally, regular monitoring and evaluation mechanisms should be established to track progress and adapt strategies as needed.
Mobile Banking Innovations and Youth Unemployment in Nairobi
Mobile banking innovations have gained traction as a means to bridge financial inclusion gaps in developing economies like Kenya, particularly among youth who are often unemployed and underserved by traditional banking systems. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys targeting 500 unemployed youth aged 18-35, along with qualitative interviews to gather additional insights from 20 participants. Among the surveyed group, 65% reported having adopted mobile banking services within a year of service introduction in Nairobi. Notably, those who used these services saw an average increase of 20 points in their credit scores compared to non-users. Mobile banking innovations have demonstrated significant potential as a tool for increasing financial inclusion and improving credit access among unemployed youth in Nairobi City Centre. Policy makers should consider incentivizing mobile banking adoption through subsidies or targeted campaigns, while financial institutions are encouraged to provide more education on how to effectively use these services.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Institutions' Role in Empowering Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia
Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have been recognised as pivotal actors in promoting economic empowerment among women entrepreneurs in developing countries. A mixed methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative interviews with quantitative survey data collected from a sample of female entrepreneurs across different regions of Ethiopia. Analysis revealed that MFIs significantly enhanced credit access for women entrepreneurs, particularly in rural areas where financial inclusion was previously limited. The study underscores the critical role of MFIs in bridging gender disparities and fostering economic growth among women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia. Policy makers should consider enhancing MFIs' outreach strategies to ensure greater coverage and support for female entrepreneurs across diverse geographical regions.
Sustainability and Effectiveness of Mobile Banking Services Among Women in Rural Uganda
Mobile banking services have gained significant traction in rural areas of developing countries, offering women a convenient alternative to traditional banking methods. In Uganda, where access to formal financial systems is limited, mobile banking has emerged as a critical tool for economic empowerment among rural communities. The research employed qualitative data collection methods such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with a sample of 50 women from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds in rural Uganda. Ethnographic techniques were used to capture nuanced insights into users' experiences and perceptions. Mobile banking services have been particularly effective for women farmers, who report increased income by 12% through better access to credit and support networks facilitated by mobile platforms. Women also noted improved financial management skills and reduced transaction costs in comparison to traditional banking methods. The findings suggest that while mobile banking offers promising benefits, challenges related to digital literacy and infrastructure limitations persist. These issues need to be addressed for the full potential of these services to be realised among rural women in Uganda. To enhance sustainability and effectiveness, policymakers should invest in capacity building programmes targeting digital literacy and infrastructure development. Additionally, tailored financial education initiatives can empower users with necessary skills to maximise benefits from mobile banking. Mobile Banking, Women Empowerment, Rural Development, Financial Inclusion, Ethnography
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The mining sector in Botswana plays a pivotal role in the country's economy, contributing significantly to employment and revenue generation. The research employs a comparative case study approach, reviewing secondary data from publicly available reports and conducting interviews with HR managers and employees in selected mining firms. Findings indicate that while all companies implement formal training programmes (85% of companies), only half offer flexible work schedules or remote working opportunities, highlighting the need for increased flexibility to enhance employee satisfaction and retention. The study concludes that despite some standardised HRM practices across the sector, there is room for improvement in areas such as job security and work-life balance. Recommendations include exploring more flexible work arrangements and enhancing training programmes to better align with current industry needs. Human Resource Management, Mining Sector, Botswana, Comparative Study