The Nile Basin in Angola is facing significant water scarcity, which has raised concerns about potential conflicts over water resources. No empirical data is utilised; instead, a review of relevant studies and theories will inform the development of the framework. The theoretical framework highlights the importance of collaborative governance and equitable distribution mechanisms as crucial components for mitigating future conflicts over scarce resources. Develop policies that promote stakeholder participation, enforceable laws, and comprehensive monitoring systems to ensure sustainable water resource management in Angola’s Nile Basin.