Egyptian archaeology has long wrestled with ethical dilemmas regarding sovereignty over ancient sites and artifacts. A review of existing laws, international agreements, and case studies from recent years is employed to analyse the current landscape of archaeology and repatriation in Egypt. Recent legal reforms have underscored a proactive stance towards repatriating artifacts based on their cultural significance and historical provenance, particularly for items with strong ties to Egyptian heritage. While progress has been made, challenges remain in balancing national interests against global standards of ethical conduct. Enhanced collaboration between Egypt and international bodies is recommended to ensure equitable and culturally sensitive repatriation processes.