Developing Low-Cost IoT Architectures for Urban Slum Environmental Monitoring in Burkina Faso, 2004

Urban slums in developing countries often face challenges in environmental monitoring due to limited resources and infrastructure. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with IoT device testing in a selected slum. Devices could be deployed at a rate of 10 per household, ensuring widespread coverage without significant financial strain. The developed architecture supports real-time data collection and transmission to a central server for analysis. Future research should focus on scalability and integration with existing municipal systems. IoT, slums, environmental monitoring, Burkina Faso Model estimation used $\hat{\theta}=argmin_{\theta}\sum_i\ell(y_i,f_\theta(x_i))+\lambda\lVert\theta\rVert_2^2$, with performance evaluated using out-of-sample error.