Infrastructure in Uganda, particularly bridges and buildings built between and , is facing significant structural integrity challenges due to age-related deterioration. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining field inspections using visual assessment tools and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques. Data collected included structural dimensions, material composition, and environmental conditions. Structural integrity assessments revealed that approximately 40% of the buildings and 25% of bridges were below acceptable safety standards, with specific concerns noted in areas exposed to high-traffic loads or subjected to severe weather events. The findings highlight a critical need for targeted intervention strategies to mitigate risks associated with aging infrastructure, particularly focusing on identified vulnerable components. Immediate structural inspections should be conducted on the most compromised structures. A phased rehabilitation plan is recommended, prioritising buildings and bridges in high-risk areas. Infrastructure Assessment, Structural Integrity, Aging Infrastructure, Uganda The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y_{it}=\beta_0+\beta_1X_{it}+u_i+\varepsilon_{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.